History
ZaZa merged with Toreador in 2012, sold assets to cut debt, then fell into default and left Nasdaq in October 2015.
2011-2012: A merger and a heavy debt load
ZaZa Energy Corporation was formed as a holding company to combine ZaZa Energy, LLC with Toreador Resources Corporation. The October 2011 filing described about 435,000 net acres across the Eagle Ford and Eagle Ford/Woodbine in Texas and the Paris Basin in France, with ZaZa's owners to hold 75%. The deal closed on February 21, 2012, and Nasdaq cleared the shares for trading.
The company paid for it with debt. It raised $100 million of 8% senior secured notes, with warrants over 26,315,789 shares at $3.15, and gave the former ZaZa LLC owners $47.33 million of 8% subordinated notes. In March it agreed to take a 75% working interest in Grimes County leases from Range. Meanwhile, Nasdaq sent three non-compliance letters over late filings. The shares on issue rose from 75,976,500 to 102,519,001 by the end of 2012.
2012: Leaving Hess and selling France
In June 2012 ZaZa agreed to end its 2010 partnership with Hess. The Texas side closed in July, bringing about $69 million in cash and roughly 60,500 more net Eagle Ford acres. ZaZa used $33.0 million to pay down the senior notes, and Todd Brooks replaced Craig McKenzie as CEO. In October it sold $40 million of 9% convertible notes, convertible at $2.50 a share, raising about $35.2 million net.
In December it closed the sale of its French subsidiary to Vermilion for about $76.0 million net, half of which went to the senior notes, with $15.0 million held in escrow. By November Nasdaq had confirmed full compliance. The Stingray well hit a restriction in completion, and was later lost.
2013: Selling acreage to EOG and others
ZaZa signed a joint development agreement with EOG Resources over about 100,000 gross Eaglebine acres, starting with $10M cash. In September and October it brought EOG's later phases forward, receiving $17.8M net cash and interests in producing wells. The Grimes County well with Range had to be re-entered, with the interest at risk if deadlines were missed.
It also sold Moulton acreage. A $43.25M sale to BEP Moulton collapsed when the buyer could not fund it. A sale of about 10,300 net acres to a Sanchez Energy subsidiary closed in July for about $28.8M, after an earlier $9.2M sale closed in April.
2014: Settlement, reverse split and new money
In February 2014 ZaZa settled with Hess and the escrow was released, with about $11.5M coming to ZaZa. That cut the senior notes from $26.8M to $15.0M. A plan to swap the founders' $47.3M subordinated notes for shares and preferred stock was announced, but it depended on repaying the senior notes. In March EOG took a further 9,600 net acres for about $4.7M plus a drilling carry. Nasdaq warned that the shares were below $1.00, and 2013 brought a net loss of $67.6M including a $104.6M impairment.
In July ZaZa sold 6,024,097 shares at $0.83 plus warrants to Crede. A 10-for-1 reverse split took effect on August 19, and the Crede warrants were later settled for 1,000,000 shares. In September the sale of a roughly 4% East Texas interest to Quantum closed for about $17 million, and $1.1 million repaid senior notes, leaving $13.9 million. The year-end share counts of 10,760,295 and 13,141,106 reflect the split and these issues.
2015: Default and delisting
In January 2015 the founders' share swap was dropped; interest on their notes was added to principal instead. Senior noteholders could now demand repayment, and ZaZa won a series of extensions, ending on July 15. In April the noteholders' warrants were repriced from $15.96 to $2.50, and Alpha Capital paid $2.5 million for Series A preferred stock and warrants. Nasdaq also flagged a market value below $35 million.
ZaZa missed the July 15 payment, so the senior notes went into default at 13.00%. Its $40M convertible notes were accelerated on August 31, with $42.1 million owed. In September the founders exchanged their subordinated notes, about $50.1 million with interest, for a 2.4% royalty on future interests, which management said cut total debt from about $105 million to about $55 million.
ZaZa withdrew its Nasdaq appeal, and trading was suspended on October 5, 2015. As of October 19, 2015, the senior and convertible notes remained in default, refinancing talks had produced no deal, and the company carried going-concern doubt. It held 45,174 net acres, with proved reserves of 1.0 million barrels of oil equivalent. In November the exchange filed to remove its securities from listing.
Written from the 46 story beats below (2011 to 24 Nov 2015), which come from the company's own announcements and filings.