History
Rex Energy raised money for Marcellus, Utica and Illinois drilling, then buckled under debt and fell into Chapter 11, selling its assets for $600.5 million with shareholders receiving nothing.
2007-2009: Listing, Illinois and the turn to Marcellus
Rex Energy was cleared to trade on Nasdaq in July 2007. In September 2007 it signed a five-year KeyBank credit agreement with an initial $75 million borrowing limit, secured on its Illinois and Indiana properties. In April 2008 it priced a public offering of 8.5 million shares at $20.75, of which the company sold 4.5 million, expecting about $87.0 million net to fund the Lawrence Field project in Illinois and Marcellus Shale leasing and drilling.
In December 2008 Rex agreed to sell its Permian Basin assets to Adventure Exploration Partners for $18.0 million, to focus on the Marcellus and Lawrence Field. The sale closed in March 2009 for about $17.3 million net. In June 2009 it signed a Marcellus joint venture with Williams over about 43,672 net acres in Pennsylvania, under which Williams could earn half of Rex's working interest by funding drilling. In December it formed the Keystone Midstream joint venture, a gas gathering and processing partnership in Butler County, owning 40%.
2010-2012: Raising capital and selling down
In January 2010 Rex sold 6,000,000 new shares at $12.25, raising about $69.7 million net, first to repay $23.0 million of bank debt. In July it bought about 18,375 net acres of DJ Basin leases in Wyoming from Duncan Oil Partners for about $18.4 million, a new area for the company. On September 30, 2010 it closed a Marcellus joint venture with Summit, a Sumitomo subsidiary, receiving about $99.5 million in cash plus a remaining drilling carry (Summit paying part of Rex's future well costs) of about $51.2 million.
In December 2011 Rex took a second lien term loan (debt ranking behind the bank facility) of up to $100 million. In February 2012 it sold 7,000,000 shares at $9.25 for about $61.3 million net to repay bank debt. In May 2012 it agreed with its partners to sell Keystone to MarkWest for $512 million in total, and the sale closed by June, with Rex staying a customer of the plants. In September it reported its first Ohio Utica well, but cut production guidance, blaming problems at the MarkWest-run plant. Shares on issue rose from 44.9 million at the end of 2011 to 53.2 million in 2012. In December 2012 it sold $250 million of 8.875% senior notes due 2020, repaying the revolver and the second lien loan.
2013-2015: Debt-funded growth
In April 2013 Rex replaced its bank facility with a new revolver and sold another $100 million of the 2020 notes, bringing them to $350 million. In March 2014 the bank group raised the borrowing base to $375 million, citing drilling success. In July 2014 Rex sold $325 million of 6.250% notes due 2022. In September it closed a $120 million purchase of about 207,000 net acres in Pennsylvania and Ohio from Shell affiliate SWEPI, funded mainly by a convertible perpetual preferred stock offering whose size the record does not give.
With 2015 tighter, Rex cut capital spending plans. In March 2015 ArcLight agreed to fund well costs for a 35% working interest, and the bank borrowing base fell to $350 million. In June 2015 Rex agreed to sell its 60% stake in Water Solutions Holdings for about $130 million, expecting roughly $66 million net.
2016: Exchange and consolidation
In February 2016 the borrowing base was cut to $200 million, and Rex expected a net loss to common shareholders of $365-385 million for 2015. Nasdaq warned that the shares had closed below $1.00 for 30 business days. In March Rex signed a joint development agreement with OhPa Drillco covering 58 wells. On March 31 it completed an exchange offer: holders of $323.98 million of 2020 notes and $309.135 million of 2022 notes received $633.7 million of new second-lien notes plus 8,412,615 new shares. In June it agreed to sell its Illinois Basin properties to Campbell Development Group for about $40 million. In July one noteholder swapped $43.5 million of notes for about 16.8 million shares. The share count fell from 55.7 million to 9.8 million by year end, a change the record does not explain.
2017-2018: Default, bankruptcy and liquidation
In January 2017 Rex sold its Warrior South assets to Antero for $50 million, about $30 million net to Rex. In April 2017 it replaced the bank revolver with a $300 million term loan from Angelo, Gordon and others at LIBOR plus 8.75%. In November Nasdaq warned that stockholders' equity was under $2.5 million.
In March 2018 Rex agreed to sell non-operated wells and its RW Gathering stake for about $17.2 million. On April 2 it missed an interest payment on its second-lien notes, triggering a cross-default, and the term loan lenders held off enforcement through a series of forbearance agreements. Nasdaq suspended the stock on April 12. The term loan agent accelerated about $255 million on April 27, and on May 18 Rex filed for Chapter 11 with lender support for a sale process.
On August 24 Rex chose PennEnergy Resources' $600.5 million bid, and the sale of substantially all assets closed on September 28. The proceeds first repaid the DIP loan and first-lien debt, then $162 million went to second-lien noteholders. The CEO and COO resigned. The court confirmed a liquidation plan on October 16, which took effect on November 14, 2018. All common and preferred stock, options and warrants were cancelled for nothing, and unsecured notes were cancelled apart from a single final distribution. Tiffany King became sole officer and director as Plan Administrator. Rex said it would file a Form 15 to end SEC reporting, with a December 14 deadline for administrative claims.
Written from the 58 story beats below (2007 to 14 Nov 2018), which come from the company's own announcements and filings.